SPASMODIC DYSPHONIA: DESCRIPTION OF THE DISEASE AND ASSOCIATED NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS

Introduction: Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a problem that affects speech tyrolia attack2 14 gw and vocalization, one of the most devastating disorders of oral communication.It is characterized by vocal quality tensaestrangulada, harshly and / or interspersed with abrupt vocal attack and a great tension in the vocal tract.The etiology of spasmodic dy

The presence of independent learning is a major transformation in the world of education in Indonesia.The essence of the independent learning curriculum is to create a student-centered learning process.In implementing independent learning, the national education system gives a signal that curriculum development is handed back to the education unit.